Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

What motivated the British response to the French Revolution as described by Pitt?

1. A motivation to support revolutionary ideals

2. A desire to maintain European balance of power

3. An aspiration to expand the British Empire

4. A focus on colonial resilience

The correct answer is: A desire to maintain European balance of power

The British response to the French Revolution was primarily motivated by a desire to maintain the balance of power in Europe. Leaders like William Pitt recognized that the French Revolution had the potential to spread revolutionary ideas that could destabilize existing monarchies, including Britain. They feared that if revolutionary France succeeded in spreading its ideals, it could encourage similar movements in other countries, leading to widespread unrest and a challenge to the established order. By seeking to maintain the balance of power, Britain aimed to contain France’s influence and prevent any single nation from becoming dominant on the continent. This strategic approach was rooted in the understanding that a strong and destabilizing French state posed a direct threat to British interests, both political and economic. Thus, the response was less about supporting revolutionary ideals and more focused on containing the impact of the revolution to preserve stability in Europe.