Advanced Placement (AP) European History Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes the nature of tyrannical monarchy according to Bodin?

1. Governed by consent of the people

2. Contemptuous of natural laws and abuses freedom

3. Rooted in democratic principles

4. Balanced by the laws of nature

The correct answer is: Contemptuous of natural laws and abuses freedom

The nature of tyrannical monarchy, according to Jean Bodin, is best described as being contemptuous of natural laws and abusing freedom. Bodin, a French political philosopher, conceptualized the idea of sovereignty in his work, where he acknowledged that a tyrant exercises absolute power, often against the interests and welfare of the people. In this context, a tyrannical ruler disregards the fundamental rights and freedoms that are inherent to individuals, instead wielding authority in ways that are oppressive and unjust. This reflects a rejection of moral and legal boundaries that should govern political authority, leading to abuses of power that can result in societal harm. The answer aligns with Bodin’s views that such a monarchy stands in stark contrast to legitimate governance, which ought to respect the rule of law and the rights of individuals. Understanding the distinction Bodin made between tyranny and legitimate sovereignty is essential for grasping the political philosophy of the time and its implications for future notions of governance and power dynamics.